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Bismuth(III) reagents in steroid and terpene chemistry.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) (2011-04-06)
Jorge A R Salvador, Samuel M Silvestre, Rui M A Pinto
PMID21464798
ABSTRACT

Steroid and terpene chemistry still have a great impact on medicinal chemistry. Therefore, the development of new reactions or "greener" processes in this field is a contemporaneous issue. In this review, the use of bismuth(III) salts, as "ecofriendly" reagents/catalysts, on new chemical processes involving steroids and terpenes as substrates will be focused. Special attention will be given to some mechanistic considerations concerning selected reactions.

MATERIALS
Product Number
Brand
Product Description
264008
Sigma-Aldrich
Bismuth, powder, −100 mesh, ≥99.99% trace metals basis
265462
Sigma-Aldrich
Bismuth, powder, −100 mesh, 99% trace metals basis
265470
Sigma-Aldrich
Bismuth, shot, 4-30 mesh, 99.9% trace metals basis
452386
Sigma-Aldrich
Bismuth, beads, 1-5 mm, 99.999% trace metals basis
95372
Sigma-Aldrich
Bismuth, granular, ≥99.99% trace metals basis
556130
Sigma-Aldrich
Bismuth, pieces, 1-12 mm, 99.999% trace metals basis
GF28233514
Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.02mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%
GF75246183
Bismuth, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 2.0mm, 100%
GF24083692
Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.015mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%
GF89918500
Bismuth, foil, 25x25mm, thickness 0.25mm, 100%
GF50591268
Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.005mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%
GF86892441
Bismuth, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.01mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%
GF82117447
Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.001mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%
GF85045631
Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.01mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%
GF71570550
Bismuth, foil, 25x25mm, thickness 0.5mm, 100%
GF12515891
Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.015mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%
GF40931546
Bismuth, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.025mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%
GF91446947
Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.002mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%
GF53868718
Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.015mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%
GF95571995
Bismuth, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.05mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%
GF30816356
Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 150x150mm, thickness 0.025mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%
GF86561354
Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.025mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%
GF93912891
Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.025mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%
GF58555581
Bismuth, foil, 25x25mm, thickness 1.0mm, 100%
GF40940153
Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.01mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%
GF35246831
Bismuth, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.02mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%
GF60515850
Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.002mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%
GF09816307
Bismuth, foil, light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.02mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%
GF19216087
Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.02mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%
GF12228465
Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.0025mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%