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221473

Sigma-Aldrich

Potassium hydroxide

ACS reagent, ≥85%, pellets

Synonym(s):

Caustic potash

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About This Item

Linear Formula:
KOH
CAS Number:
1310-58-3
Molecular Weight:
56.11
EC Number:
215-181-3
MDL number:
MFCD00003553
UNSPSC Code:
12352106
eCl@ss:
38100303
PubChem Substance ID:
329752271
NACRES:
NA.21

grade

ACS reagent

Quality Level

200

agency

suitable for EPA 1621
suitable for EPA 1633

vapor pressure

1 mmHg ( 719 °C)

assay

≥85%

form

pellets

impurities

≤0.001% N compounds
≤2.0% K2CO3
10-15% water

pH

~13.5 (25 °C, 5.6 g/L)

mp

361 °C (lit.)

anion traces

chloride (Cl-): ≤0.01%
phosphate (PO43-): ≤5 ppm
sulfate (SO42-): ≤0.003%

cation traces

Ca: ≤0.005%
Fe: ≤0.001%
Mg: ≤0.002%
Na: ≤0.05%
Ni: ≤0.001%
heavy metals: ≤0.001% (by ICP)

storage temp.

room temp

SMILES string

[OH-].[K+]

InChI

1S/K.H2O/h;1H2/q+1;/p-1

InChI key

KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M

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General description

Potassium hydroxide is an inorganic salt mainly used as a precursor to synthesize other potassium compounds such as potassium acetate, potassium bicarbonate and potassium carbonate. On a commercial scale, it is synthesized by the electrolysis of potassium chloride.

Application

Potassium hydroxide may be used in the following processes:
  • Conversion of nitriles to amide in tert-butanol.
  • Cross-coupling of aryl halides with different sulfur-, oxygen- and nitrogen-based nucleophiles in dimethyl sulfoxide.
  • As an activator for the preparation of activated carbons from corn cobs.
  • As a base for the N-alkylation of nitrogen heterocycles in polyethylene glycol-ether solvents.
  • Synthesis of (S)-1-(4-benzyl-2-thioxothiazolidin-3-yl)propan-1-one from (S)-phenylalaninol.
  • To catalyze the polymerization of propylene oxide.

pictograms

CorrosionExclamation mark
GHS05,GHS07

signalword

Danger

Hazard Classifications

Acute Tox. 4 Oral - Eye Dam. 1 - Met. Corr. 1 - Skin Corr. 1A

wgk_germany

WGK 1

flash_point_f

Not applicable

flash_point_c

Not applicable

Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Search for Certificates of Analysis (COA) by entering the products Lot/Batch Number. Lot and Batch Numbers can be found on a product’s label following the words ‘Lot’ or ‘Batch’.

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A study of the polymerization of propylene oxide catalyzed by anhydrous potassium hydroxide
Steiner EC, et al
Journal of the American Chemical Society, 86(21), 4678-4686 (1964)
Preparation of high surface area activated carbon from corn by chemical activation using potassium hydroxide
Bagheri N & Abedi J
Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 87(8), 1059-1064 (2009)
Dimethyl Sulfoxide/Potassium Hydroxide: A Superbase for the Transition Metal-Free Preparation of Cross-Coupling Products
Yuan Y, et al
Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis, 352(17), 2892-2898 (2010)
N-Alkylation of pyrrole, indole, and several other nitrogen heterocycles using potassium hydroxide as a base in the presence of polyethylene glycols or their dialkyl ethers
Sukata K
Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, 56(1), 280-284 (1983)
Potassium acetate by fermentation with Clostridium thermoaceticum
Shah MM, et al.
Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology (1997)
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