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A9393

Sigma-Aldrich

Ampicillin

anhydrous, 96.0-102.0% (anhydrous basis)

Synonym(s):

(-)-6-(2-Amino-2-phenylacetamido)-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid, Ampicillin acid, Ampicillin anhydrous, D-(−)-α-Aminobenzylpenicillin

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About This Item

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
C16H19N3O4S
CAS Number:
69-53-4
Molecular Weight:
349.40
Beilstein/REAXYS Number:
1090925
EC Number:
200-709-7
MDL number:
MFCD00005175
UNSPSC Code:
51101500
PubChem Substance ID:
24891442
NACRES:
NA.85

Quality Level

200

assay

96.0-102.0% (anhydrous basis)

form

solid

pKa (25 °C)

2.5 (COOH)
7.3 (NH2)

mp

208 °C (dec.) (lit.)

antibiotic activity spectrum

Gram-negative bacteria
Gram-positive bacteria

mode of action

cell wall synthesis | interferes

storage temp.

2-8°C

SMILES string

[H][C@]12SC(C)(C)[C@@H](N1C(=O)[C@H]2NC(=O)[C@H](N)c3ccccc3)C(O)=O

InChI

1S/C16H19N3O4S/c1-16(2)11(15(22)23)19-13(21)10(14(19)24-16)18-12(20)9(17)8-6-4-3-5-7-8/h3-7,9-11,14H,17H2,1-2H3,(H,18,20)(H,22,23)/t9-,10-,11+,14-/m1/s1

InChI key

AVKUERGKIZMTKX-NJBDSQKTSA-N

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General description

Chemical structure: ß-lactam

Application

Ampicillin has been used to study antibiotic resistance and penetration limitations, the synergy between multiple antibiotics, certain bloodstream infections, and has been used to develop PCR assays to detect resistance genes in cerebrospinal fluid.

Biochem/physiol Actions

β-lactams are inactivated by β-lactamases and for this reason ampicillin is used with a β-lactamase inhibitor.
Mode of Action: Ampicillin is a semisynthetic penicillin and a ß-lactam antibiotic that inhibits bacterial cell-wall synthesis by inactivating transpeptidases on the inner surface of the bacterial cell membrane.

Mode of Resistance: Administration with ß-lactamase cleaves the ß-lactam ring of Ampicillin and inactivates it.

Antimicrobial Spectrum: Effective against both Gram-positive (similar to benzylpenicillin) and Gram-negative bacteria (similar to tetracyclines and chloramphenicol.

Caution

This product has been reported stable as supplied at 25°C at 43% and 81% relative humidity for six weeks. Additional studies have shown that the stability of Ampicillin in solution is a function of pH, temperature and the identity of the buffer. It′s activity is quickly lost when stored above pH 7. Optimal storage conditions are suggested as 2-8°C, and pH 3.8-5 where its activity was retained at 90%+ for a week.

Preparation Note

Ampicillin is reported as slightly soluble in water, practically insoluble in alcohol, chloroform, ether and fixed oils but soluble in dilute acids or bases. The solution should not be autoclaved; a stock solution should be sterilized through filtration and stored frozen, where it will be stable for months.

Other Notes

Store under argon. Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place, hygroscopic.

pictograms

Health hazard
GHS08

signalword

Danger

Hazard Classifications

Resp. Sens. 1 - Skin Sens. 1

Storage Class

11 - Combustible Solids

wgk_germany

WGK 2

flash_point_f

Not applicable

flash_point_c

Not applicable

ppe

dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Faceshields, Gloves

Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Search for Certificates of Analysis (COA) by entering the products Lot/Batch Number. Lot and Batch Numbers can be found on a product’s label following the words ‘Lot’ or ‘Batch’.

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Ampicillin sodium United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard

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1033203

Ampicillin sodium

Ampicillin, Sodium Salt Ampicillin salt is an antibiotic that inhibits bacterial cell-wall synthesis. Active against Gram-negative bacteria. Inactivated by lactamases. Suitable for use in research that uses ampicillin-resistant plasmids.

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M R Jacobs et al.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 29(6), 980-985 (1986-06-01)
The in vitro synergistic activities of the beta-lactamase inhibitors YTR 830, clavulanate, and sulbactam, combined with ampicillin, ticarcillin, mezlocillin, azlocillin, piperacillin, and apalcillin, were determined against 34 strains of members of the Enterobacteriaceae family, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aeromonas hydrophila, and Haemophilus
Laurent Poirel et al.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 52(5), 1613-1617 (2008-02-27)
The basis of the beta-lactam resistance of 39 multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates recovered from hospitalized patients was studied. These isolates were collected from 2001 to 2005 at the Sahloul Hospital in Sousse, Tunisia. They belonged to two distinct clones. One
Comparative evaluation of a new beta-lactamase inhibitor, YTR 830, combined with different beta-lactam antibiotics against bacteria harboring known beta-lactamases.
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 29, 955-957 (1986)
Kenneth H Rand et al.
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 53(3), 530-532 (2004-02-14)
We used a novel screening method to look for synergy between daptomycin and 18 other antibiotics against 19 strains of high-level vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) (vancomycin MIC > or = 256 mg/L). In this approach, daptomycin was incorporated into Ca(2+)-supplemented Mueller-Hinton
José-Manuel Rodríguez-Martínez et al.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 54(8), 3484-3488 (2010-06-16)
An AmpC-type beta-lactamase conferring high-level resistance to expanded-spectrum cephalosporins and monobactams was characterized from an Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolate. This class C beta-lactamase (named ADC-33) possessed a Pro210Arg substitution together with a duplication of an Ala residue at position 215
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