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L6511

Sigma-Aldrich

Lipopolysaccharides from Salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium

purified by phenol extraction

Synonym(s):

LPS

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About This Item

MDL number:
UNSPSC Code:
12352201
NACRES:
NA.25

biological source

Salmonella enterica (Serotype typhimurium)

Quality Level

form

lyophilized powder

purified by

phenol extraction

impurities

<3% Protein (Lowry)

color

white to faint yellow

solubility

water: 4.90-5.10 mg/mL, slightly hazy to turbid, colorless to faintly yellow

shipped in

ambient

storage temp.

2-8°C

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General description

This product is phenol extracted from Salmonella typhimurium. The source strain is ATCC 7823. This LPS has been used to induce NOS in rats and guinea pigs.

Application

Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) are characteristic components of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria. LPS and its lipid A moiety stimulate cells of the innate immune system by the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a member of the Toll-like receptor protein family, which recognizes common pathogen-associated molecular-patterns (PAMPs).

Biochem/physiol Actions

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are localized in the outer layer of the membrane and are, in noncapsulated strains, exposed on the cell surface. They contribute to the integrity of the outer membrane, and protect the cell against the action of bile salts and lipophilic antibiotics.

Preparation Note

The product is soluble in water (5 mg/ml) or cell culture medium (1 mg/ml) yielding a hazy, faint yellow solution. A more concentrated, though still hazy, solution (20 mg/ml) has been achieved in aqueous saline after vortexing and warming to 70-80 oC. Lipopolysaccharides are molecules that form micelles in every solvent. Hazy solutions are observed in water and phosphate buffered saline. Organic solvents do not give clearer solutions. Methanol yields a turbid suspension with floaters, while water yields a homogeneously hazy solution.

Other Notes

To gain a comprehensive understanding of our extensive range of Lipopolysaccharides for your research, we encourage you to visit our Carbohydrates Category page.

pictograms

Exclamation mark

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Warning

Hazard Classifications

Acute Tox. 4 Dermal - Acute Tox. 4 Inhalation - Acute Tox. 4 Oral

Storage Class

11 - Combustible Solids

wgk_germany

WGK 3

flash_point_f

Not applicable

flash_point_c

Not applicable


Certificates of Analysis (COA)

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Sanjoy Kumar Bhunia et al.
Carbohydrate research, 345(17), 2542-2549 (2010-10-12)
A water-soluble polysaccharide, isolated from the hot water extract of the fruiting bodies of an edible mushroom, Lentinus squarrosulus (Mont.) Singer was found to contain d-galactose, l-fucose, and d-glucose in a molar ratio of nearly 1:1:5. Structural investigation of the
C Marcq et al.
Poultry science, 90(1), 59-67 (2010-12-24)
In this study, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium challenge models were tested to identify the best conditions under which to perform the experimental infection of 3-wk-old broilers. Such a model would be useful to study the efficiency of therapeutic treatments that
Alejandro Carrillo-Jimenez et al.
Frontiers in cellular neuroscience, 12, 313-313 (2018-10-10)
Microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain, have multiple functions in physiological and pathological conditions, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). The use of primary microglial cell cultures has proved to be a valuable tool to study microglial biology under various
Li Liang et al.
Scientific reports, 3, 1043-1043 (2013-01-11)
Current serological diagnostic assays for typhoid fever are based on detecting antibodies against Salmonella LPS or flagellum, resulting in a high false-positive rate. Here we used a protein microarray containing 2,724 Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi antigens (>63% of proteome) and
Andrej Kovac et al.
Journal of neuroinflammation, 8, 139-139 (2011-10-15)
Brain microvascular pericytes are important constituents of the neurovascular unit. These cells are physically the closest cells to the microvascular endothelial cells in brain capillaries. They significantly contribute to the induction and maintenance of the barrier functions of the blood-brain

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