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R2500

Sigma-Aldrich

all trans-Retinal

powder, ≥98%

Synonym(s):

Vitamin A aldehyde

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About This Item

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
C20H28O
CAS Number:
116-31-4
Molecular Weight:
284.44
MDL number:
MFCD00001550
UNSPSC Code:
12352205
PubChem Substance ID:
24899355
NACRES:
NA.79

biological source

synthetic (organic)

Quality Level

200

assay

≥98%

form

powder

technique(s)

HPLC: suitable

color

yellow

mp

62-64 °C

shipped in

dry ice

storage temp.

−20°C

SMILES string

[H]C(=O)\C=C(C)\C=C\C=C(C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C

InChI

1S/C20H28O/c1-16(8-6-9-17(2)13-15-21)11-12-19-18(3)10-7-14-20(19,4)5/h6,8-9,11-13,15H,7,10,14H2,1-5H3/b9-6+,12-11+,16-8+,17-13+

InChI key

NCYCYZXNIZJOKI-OVSJKPMPSA-N

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General description

All trans-Retinal is one of the major derivatives of vitamin A group. A variety of food serves as a source of vitamin A. It is predominant in liver and among the brightly colored vegetables.

Application

All trans-Retinal has been used:
  • in optogenetic experiments
  • in electrophysiological experiment
  • to study the effect of AKR1B10 (aldo-keto reductase (AKR) superfamily member) on the conversion of retinal to retinol in the airway epithelium
  • in decidual transformation of human endometrial stromal cells

Biochem/physiol Actions

All-trans retinal is converted to retinoic acid in vivo by the action of retinal dehydrogenase. Retinoic acid is a ligand for both the retinoic acid receptor (RAR) and the retinoid X receptor (RXR) that act as transcription factors to regulate the growth and differentiation of normal and malignant cells. Retinal isomers are also chromophores that bind to opsins, a family of G-protein-linked transmembrane proteins, to form photosensitive receptors in visual and nonvisual systems. All-trans retinal is a potent photosensitizer.

Packaging

Sealed ampule.

Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Search for Certificates of Analysis (COA) by entering the products Lot/Batch Number. Lot and Batch Numbers can be found on a product’s label following the words ‘Lot’ or ‘Batch’.

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Tretinoin United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard

USP

1674004

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Tretinoin European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard

T1850000

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Hai Li et al.
The Journal of biological chemistry, 291(49), 25319-25325 (2016-10-30)
Natural anion channelrhodopsins (ACRs) recently discovered in cryptophyte algae are the most active rhodopsin channels known. They are of interest both because of their unique natural function of light-gated chloride conductance and because of their unprecedented efficiency of membrane hyperpolarization
Optogenetic control of fly optomotor responses
Haikala V, et al.
The Journal of Neuroscience, 33(34), 13927-13934 (2013)
Juan Antonio Sánchez-Alcañiz et al.
Nature communications, 9(1), 4252-4252 (2018-10-14)
Through analysis of the Drosophila ionotropic receptors (IRs), a family of variant ionotropic glutamate receptors, we reveal that most IRs are expressed in peripheral neuron populations in diverse gustatory organs in larvae and adults. We characterise IR56d, which defines two
Advanced Nutrition Micronutrients, 23-23 (2019)
Smoking-induced upregulation of AKR1B10 expression in the airway epithelium of healthy individuals
Wang R, et al.
Chest, 138(6), 1402-1410 (2010)
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Articles

Retinoic Acid and Gene Expression

All-trans retinoic acid (RA, ATRA) is a pleiotropic activation factor that regulates genes associated with normal vertebrate cellular processes such as cell differentiation, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and embryonic development.

Retinoic Acid and Gene Expression

All-trans retinoic acid (RA, ATRA) is a pleiotropic activation factor that regulates genes associated with normal vertebrate cellular processes such as cell differentiation, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and embryonic development.

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