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Sigma-Aldrich

Gold nanoparticles

100 nm, NHS ester functionalized, conjugation kit

Synonym(s):

NHS-activated gold nanoparticles

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About This Item

UNSPSC Code:
12141717
NACRES:
NA.23

form

nanoparticles

shelf life

12 mo. at -20 °C (If stored unopened and as specified, are stable for at least 12 months)

packaging

pkg of 1 ea

storage condition

protect from light

particle size

100 nm

λmax

572 nm

functional group

NHS ester

storage temp.

−20°C

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General description

Gold nanoparticles, 100 nm, NHS ester functionalized, conjugation kit is a comprehensive kit that enables easy, one-step conjugation of your amine-containing ligands to 100 nm gold nanoparticles. The kit includes pre-made mixtures of lyophilized (freeze-dried) NHS-activated gold nanoparticles, along with all the necessary materials for three independent conjugation reactions. The kit components comprise:
•3 vials of 100 nm NHS-Activated Gold Nanoparticles (lyophilized)
•Protein Resuspension Buffer - 1.5ml
•Reaction Buffer - 1.5ml
•Quencher Solution - 1.5ml
•Reaction protocol
The gold nanoparticles in this kit are supplied as a lyophilized (freeze-dried) mixture. The conjugation reaction is initiated by simply reconstituting the freeze-dried nanoparticles with the protein of interest, which attaches to the nanoparticle surface via lysine residues.
The gold conjugation procedure has a quick hands-on time of around 10 minutes, and the conjugate is fully ready for use within 3 hr. Researchers only need to pipette the biomolecule into a vial containing the nanoparticles, quench the reaction, and perform product washing through microcentrifugation.
The provided protocol is optimized for highly efficient covalent conjugation, resulting in stable gold nanoparticle conjugates. Optional protocol steps involve additional materials, such as 10% aqueous BSA (126615) and Tris saline resuspension buffer (PPB002), which are sold separately.

Application

This gold conjugation kit streamlines the process of conjugating your proteins or biomolecules to 100 nm gold nanoparticles. Gold conjugation helps researchers to visualize and assay a specific protein or antibody of interest. Gold conjugates are useful in a wide range of applications like lateral flow testing, immunoblotting, immuno-electron microscopy, immunohistochemical staining, and other bio-assays. Different sizes of gold nanoparticles perform better in specific applications. For lateral flow and flow cytometry, we recommend using gold nanoparticles with diameters between 20 nm and 100 nm. For immunoblotting or immuno-electron microscopy, the optimal range is 5 nm to 40 nm. For bioassays utilizing dynamic light scattering, gold nanoparticles with diameters ranging from 60 nm to 100 nm are suggested.

Features and Benefits

•The resulting covalent conjugates offer greater stability compared to those prepared using passive adsorption methods.
•Fast and convenient conjugation reaction with no need for pre-activation.
•A spacer between the gold nanoparticle surface and the conjugated ligand minimizes the impact on the tertiary protein structure. This reduces the likelihood of poor performing conjugates, a common issue encountered with conjugates prepared by passive adsorption.
•Gold surface coating is precisely engineered to minimize non-specific protein binding in biological assays.

Components

NHS-Activated Gold Nanoparticles Protein Re-suspension Buffer Reaction BufferQuencher Solution

Physical properties

NHS ester surface density: ~1/nm2

Legal Information

Product of CytoDiagnostics, Inc.

flash_point_f

Not applicable

flash_point_c

Not applicable


Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Search for Certificates of Analysis (COA) by entering the products Lot/Batch Number. Lot and Batch Numbers can be found on a product’s label following the words ‘Lot’ or ‘Batch’.

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Facile modification of ITO electrodes with functional materials through catalytic grafting of N-hydroxysuccinimidyl-ester-functionalized methallylsilane
Kumar SS, et al.
Electrochemical Communications, 19, 123-126 (2012)
Recent advances in nanoparticle-based lateral flow immunoassay as a point-of-care diagnostic tool for infectious agents and diseases
Banerjee R and Jaiswal A
Analyst, 143(9), 1970-1996 (2018)

Articles

Drs. Fernandes and Baptista explore the synthesis and functionalization of gold nanoparticles and their use in molecular diagnostics, focusing on lateral flow assays. They further discuss the regulations and standards of these materials, as well as the future outlook and challenges.

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