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H7125

Sigma-Aldrich

Histamine

≥97.0%

Synonym(s):

2-(4-Imidazolyl)ethylamine

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About This Item

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
C5H9N3
CAS Number:
51-45-6
Molecular Weight:
111.15
Beilstein/REAXYS Number:
2012
EC Number:
200-100-6
MDL number:
MFCD00005210
UNSPSC Code:
12352116
eCl@ss:
32160406
PubChem Substance ID:
24895783
NACRES:
NA.77

Quality Level

200

assay

≥97.0%

bp

167 °C/0.8 mmHg (lit.)

mp

83-84 °C (lit.)

storage temp.

−20°C

SMILES string

NCCc1c[nH]cn1

InChI

1S/C5H9N3/c6-2-1-5-3-7-4-8-5/h3-4H,1-2,6H2,(H,7,8)

InChI key

NTYJJOPFIAHURM-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Gene Information

human ... CA1(759) , CA2(760) , HRH1(3269) , HRH2(3274) , HRH3(11255) , HRH4(59340)
rat ... Hrh1(24448) , Hrh3(85268)

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General description

Histamine is a neurotransmitter produced by neurons of the posterior hypothalamus. In the brain, histamine is predominantly present in the gray matter.

Application

Histamine has been used:
  • to stimulate regulated cellular secretion
  • in reaction mixture to activate blood for assaying thrombin (factor iia) activity by fluorimetry
  • to fill the luminal side of the chamber to investigate its effects on the TJ-related barrier and the expression of TJ (tight junction) markers in the vocal fold epithelium

Biochem/physiol Actions

Endogenous H1 and H2 histamine receptor agonist; H1 activation mobilizes Ca2+; H2 activation stimulates adenylate cyclase activity in neurons; activates nitric oxide synthetase; potent vasodilator.
Histamine participates in innate and acquired immune response, mediating allergy and inflammation. It helps in intestinal muscle contraction. During anaphylactic shock histamine causes bronchial constriction. Histamine is also involved in gastric acid secretion, epithelial and endothelial barrier control.

pictograms

Skull and crossbonesHealth hazard
GHS06,GHS08

signalword

Danger

Hazard Classifications

Acute Tox. 3 Oral - Eye Irrit. 2 - Resp. Sens. 1 - Skin Irrit. 2 - Skin Sens. 1 - STOT SE 3

target_organs

Respiratory system

Storage Class

6.1C - Combustible, acute toxic Cat.3 / toxic compounds or compounds which causing chronic effects

wgk_germany

WGK 3

flash_point_f

Not applicable

flash_point_c

Not applicable

ppe

dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Faceshields, Gloves

Certificates of Analysis (COA)

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Histamine in the nervous system
Haas HL, et al.
Physiological Reviews, 88(3), 1183-1241 (2008)
Rogier A Smits et al.
Journal of medicinal chemistry, 51(8), 2457-2467 (2008-03-25)
Using a previously reported flexible alignment model we have designed, synthesized, and evaluated a series of compounds at the human histamine H 4 receptor (H 4R) from which 2-(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-quinoxaline ( 3) was identified as a new lead structure for H
Tight junction-related barrier contributes to the electrophysiological asymmetry across vocal fold epithelium
Zhang Q and Fisher K
PLoS ONE, 7(3), e34017-e34017 (2012)
Surfactants attenuate gas embolism-induced thrombin production
Eckmann DM and Diamond SL
Anesthesiology, 100(1), 77-84 (2004)
Maikel Wijtmans et al.
Journal of medicinal chemistry, 54(6), 1693-1703 (2011-02-26)
The histamine H(3) (H(3)R) and H(4) (H(4)R) receptors attract considerable interest from the medicinal chemistry community. Given their relatively high homology yet widely differing therapeutic promises, ligand selectivity for the two receptors is crucial. We interrogated H(4)R/H(3)R selectivities using ligands
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